Answer:
Option: C) the creation of ethnically exclusive neighborhoods
Step-by-step explanation:
The author uses the term colonies to describe the cities that sprung in the 19th century by ethnic groups. These ethnic groups came from England, Germany, and Ireland to get away from crop failure, lack of land and job shortages, rising taxes, and famine. These ethnic groups created their neighborhood with their communities where they could live in harmony, practice their traditions, religion, culture and festive without getting sad about living in their countries.