The best answer here would be sapere aude, which translates roughly to "Dare to know." If you think about the meaning of the phrase "have the courage to use your own understanding," "dare to know" is probably the closest you'll get to it. It's pretty much daring you to use your knowledge of everything to do something with your life.
If you look at the other options, carpe diem means "seize the day," so it isn't right. Cogito, ergo sum means "I think, therefore I am" which means that it isn't quite right either. Veni, vidi, vici means "I came, I saw, I conquered," which also does not apply to this.