Question

Learning theorists have suggested that compulsive behaviors are

Answer 1

Compulsive behaviors are typically reinforced by the anxiety reduction they provide, which is a characteristic of negative reinforcement in operant conditioning.

Step-by-step explanation:

Learning theorists have suggested that compulsive behaviors are reinforced by anxiety reduction. This concept falls within the realm of operant conditioning, a form of associative learning where a behavior's frequency is increased due to the removal of an unpleasant stimulus, known as negative reinforcement. Therefore, engaging in the compulsive behavior reduces anxiety, which reinforces the continuation of the behavior.

In contrast to instinctual or innate behaviors, learned behaviors such as compulsive actions are acquired through environmental interactions and are modified by experience. Conditioned behaviors, especially as described in operant conditioning by B.F. Skinner and the law of effect by Edward Thorndike, explain how behaviors followed by satisfying consequences are likely to be repeated. Thus, if compulsive behaviors alleviate anxiety, they are likely to become reinforced and repeated.

Answer 2

The compulsive behaviors are reinforced anxiety reduction. Learning theorists describe how people with high levels of anxiety learn to perform certain behaviors or rituals in order to decrease the perceived unpleasant sensation. This is explained by the operant conditioning, that is, we repeat the behavior that generates pleasant responses. However, compulsive behavior only helps to temporarily reduce anxiety, so the anxiety disorder increases.

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