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A.)ii. and iii.
B.)ii.
C.)i.
D.)i. and iv.

A.)ii. and iii. B.)ii. C.)i. D.)i. and iv.-example-1
User Berniey
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1 Answer

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The answer is B) ii

The notation "p --> q" means "if p, then q". For example

p = it rains
q = the grass gets wet

So instead of writing out "if it rains, then the grass gets wet" we can write "p --> q" or "if p, then q". The former notation is preferred in a math class like this.

So when is the overall statement p --> q false? Well only if p is true leads to q being false. Why is that? It's because p must lead to q being true. The statement strongly implies this. If it rained and the grass didn't get wet, then the original "if...then" statement would be a lie, which is how I think of a logical false statement.

If it didn't rain (p = false), then the original "if...then" statement is irrelevant. It only applies if p were true. If p is false, then the conditional statement is known to be vacuously true. So this why cases iii and iv are true.
User Mikael Engver
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