Final answer:
A ship's navigator can keep the ship in safe waters by staying outside the 300-degree arc between two lighthouses and using the beams as navigational guides. Additionally, in areas with water breaks, navigators should account for wave diffraction to determine the safest angles for mooring.
Step-by-step explanation:
To navigate safely and avoid the unsafe waters near the coastline marked by the 300-degree arc between two lighthouses at points A and B, a ship's navigator should use both lighthouses as reference points for establishing a safe navigational path. Typically, lighthouses are equipped with rotating beams, which can serve as a guide to determine a ship's position relative to hazardous areas. If the ship maintains a course outside of the direct line of sight between the two lighthouses, it can stay within the safe waters.
The navigator should also consider wave action when near a coastline or harbor entrance. If any breakwater structure or water break exists, such as a rock barrier with an opening, the navigator would need to be mindful of the wave patterns. As waves enter the opening, they diffract, and boats are generally safest at angles where the wave intensity is minimized.