Answer:
(A)community or government ownership of land
Step-by-step explanation:
Before colonization, almost all of the land in Africa was owned communally rather than privately. The people of a community shared ownership of the land they occupied and farmed. This tradition made it easier for European capitalists to claim land as their own, and it makes it hard today for African businesspeople to get started, since they have no land to use as collateral for loans.