The right answer is law of segregation
Mendel derives from his observations two fundamental principles, to which will be added later a third resulting. In his case, experiments on peas enabled Mendel to formulate the principles involved in heredity.
Mendel discovers that:
* A character can present two different forms (today called alleles or homologous genes).
* An organism inherits two factors for each trait (Mendel's hereditary factors are now called "genes").
* The dominant factor masks the recessive factor. Mendel noted the dominant factor using a capital letter and the other, the recessive, using the same letter but in lower case .
* The two factors separate during gamete formation (Segregation law that corresponds to the separation of homologous chromosome pairs during meiosis) .
* The pairs of factors separate independently of each other (independent segregation law that corresponds to the independent assortment of chromosome pairs homologous to metaphase 1 of the first meiotic division).