Question

Hypersecretion of ________ results in increased urinary output and dehydration.

Answer 1

Hypersecretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) leads to excessive urination (polyuria) and can cause dehydration. This hormone is essential for water retention in the kidneys, and its deficit leads to conditions like diabetes insipidus.

Step-by-step explanation:

Hypersecretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) results in increased urinary output and dehydration. ADH, also known as vasopressin, is crucial for maintaining the body's water balance. It regulates the amount of water excreted by the kidneys by causing reabsorption of water in the kidney tubules. In conditions such as diabetes insipidus or after consuming substances like alcohol, there can be underproduction or inhibition of ADH release. This leads to an inability to retain water, resulting in excessive urination, or polyuria, which can cause dehydration. A healthy person usually produces less than 2.5 liters of urine per day, but conditions that inhibit ADH can increase urine output significantly.

Answer 2

The correct answer is "atrial natriuretic peptide" or "ANP". ANP is secreted by the the atria and the muscle cells of the heart. ANP primarily functions to increase sodium excretion (hence the term natriuretic) which facilitates osmotic diuresis, since there will be a high amount of solute in the renal tubules, this will exert an osmotic force that draws water and facilitate diuresis. This will eventually result to increased urinary output and dehydration.