Question

Humans are made of Eukaryotic cells, while organisms such as bacteria are made of Prokaryotic cells. The complex process by which humans divide their "toe" cells for example is known as _____________. Prokaryotic cells split their cells in a simple process known as ____________________.

Answer 1

a. Mitosis and Meiosis
b. Binary fission

In Prokaryotes there are two types of division, one of the Asexual type (called Amitosis, Spin or Binary Fission) that occurs when the only DNA molecule is duplicated, in 2 identical daughter cells, the other division is of the Parasexual type (called Conjugation) where two cells of a bacterium are attached to each other to exchange genetic information.
In Eukaryotes, the cell division is Asexual (Mitosis) and Sexual (Meiosis) type. Mitosis occurs in Somatic cells; from a diploid stem cell 2 diploid daughter cells with the same endowment of chromosomes as the progenitor cell originate. While meiosis is performed in the gametes, from a diploid stem cell 4 haploid daughter cells are originated, each one of them possesses half of the chromosomal endowment of the progenitor cell.