Final answer:
Mannerism is an artistic style noted for its artificial and exaggerated features, rejecting Renaissance ideals, while the Baroque style is characterized by drama, intensity, and emotional connection, emerging as a response to both the Renaissance and Mannerism.
Step-by-step explanation:
Mannerism and the Baroque are distinct styles of art that emerged in Europe during the 16th and 17th centuries, respectively. Mannerism, which developed after the High Renaissance and before the Baroque, is characterized by its artificial qualities, such as elongated forms, irrational settings, and collapsed perspective. This style often emphasized complexity and sought to move beyond the established standards of the Renaissance, rejecting its harmony and ideal proportions for more expressive and sometimes distorted representations.
Baroque, on the other hand, came onto the scene in the late 16th century, often associated with artists like Caravaggio and Carracci. It is known for its drama, richness, and intensity, employing grandeur and contrast, with a tendency towards realism and emotional connection. The Baroque style can be seen as a response both to the artistic challenge of surpassing Renaissance masters like Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, and Michelangelo, and to the complexity of Mannerism, leading towards a more accessible and emotionally engaging art.