Holmes himself would be comfortable in any age. I derive this opinion from a wonderful little known made for TV movie called
The Return of ... Sherlock Holmes Staring Michael Pennington. I forgotten the female lead but if you go to IMDB, you will find out who she is. I think she was the former wife of Tom Cruz, but don't hold me to that. This is the story of Holmes in "modern day" America.
I am too used to the society I live in, and too dependent on medical care to want to live in Victorian times. I like watching that period, especially if it is something Dickens wrote that has been translated onto the screen.
As to being a detective, I know one of those people. He was a high end investigator and I would not have wanted to do what he did. There are many aspects of his life that I could not do. I'm not equipped with the kind of character that lends itself to that kind of work.