Question

3 things i found interesting were: _ _ _ the way you look when you are born is controlled by _ dna is made up of only 4 _ that are found in cells of living things. genes are made of the chemical_ a(n)_ is the basic unit of life. a person has _ pairs of chromosomes. chromosomes, genes, dna are different parts of different/ the same things. (highlight answer). the genes that determine what you look like come from your_. the reproductive _ contain only ½ of the genes needed to make a person. all living things have the same genetic_ atcg combine in different patterns to form different_. each species has a different blueprint but the same king of dna/abc molecule. (highlight answer). a(n)_ has 64 chromosomes. a chromosome can be seen using a microscope/telescope. (highlight answer). a gene can be either dominant or _.

Answer 1

DNA is a double-stranded molecule made out of 4 different nucleotides (Adenosine, Cytosine, Thymine, and Guanine) bonded together by different chemical bonds. All living things possess the same 4 nucleotides in their DNA molecules, which makes DNA the universal way of transmitting genetic information. The 4 nucleotides are combined in pairs and together they make the DNA sequence.
Different parts of this sequence that can be translated into proteins are called genes.
The DNA is found in the nucleus of every cell and it is organized in specific structures called chromosomes. Each species has a different number of these chromosomes, horses have 64 and humans have 46 of them or 23 pairs of homologous chromosomes. So, there are two sets of chromosomes, each inherited from a single parent. The reproductive cells only contain 23 chromosomes (half of the pairs). When two reproductive cells( an egg cell and a sperm cell) are fused in the process of fertilization they make a zygote ( a cell that has 46 chromosomes, or 23 pairs of chromosomes).
So, you have one set of chromosomes that you have inherited from your father and one set of chromosomes that you have inherited from your mother.
The genes in the DNA that you have inherited from your parents determine all of your traits (eye color, height, the shape of your face etc.).
Genes can sometimes have different forms called alleles. Some alleles can be dominant, meaning that they are always expressed no matter what allele is on the other homologous gene, or they can be recessive and can only be expressed when you have two copies of them (on both sets of chromosomes, from both parents).