Final answer:
Joe to Go is adding value through the product aspect of the marketing mix by serving donuts with coffee, and small Mom and Pop firms can exist without economic profits due to factors like satisfaction and community service.
Step-by-step explanation:
Joe to Go is attempting to create value for customers by offering donuts alongside a simple cup of black coffee through the Product element of the Four Ps of marketing. The Four Ps include Product, Price, Promotion, and Place. By enhancing their coffee offering with the addition of donuts, they are enriching the product experience for customers, potentially increasing customer satisfaction and differentiating their product from competitors.
Small Mom and Pop firms like inner city grocery stores may continue to exist despite not earning economic profits due to factors like personal satisfaction, community service, customer loyalty, or the provision of a unique product or service that may not be available elsewhere. These firms might be driven by non-monetary goals and thus, remain operational even without significant economic gains.