Read this excerpt from "Eavesdropping" from One Writer’s Beginnings by Eudora Welty and answer the question.
When I was young enough to still spend a long time buttoning my shoes in the morning, I’d listen toward the hall: Daddy upstairs was shaving, in the bathroom, and Mother downstairs was frying the bacon. They would begin whispering back and forth to each other up and down the stairwell. My father would whistle his phrase, my mother would try to whistle, then hum hers back. … I drew my buttonhook in and out and listened to it – I know it was "The Merry Widow." The difference was, their song almost floated with laughter: how different from the record, which growled from the beginning, as if the Victrola were only slowly being wound up. They kept it running between them, up and down the stairs where I was now just about ready to run clattering down and show them my shoes.
What literary or rhetorical device is Welty using to make her a trustworthy narrator?
a. pathos in showing her mother trying to whistle
b. personification of the Victrola to make us like her
c. allusion to "The Merry Widow"
d. ethos in citing her specific age at the time for credibility