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explain why multiplying the numerator and denominator of a fraction by the same number results in an equivalent fraction

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Think: You're treating the numerator and the denom. in precisely the same way. In doing so you are NOT changing the value of the fraction, only the appearance.

Example: start with 2/3. Mult num. and den. both by 7: 14/21.

2/3 and 14/21 result in precisely the same decimal fraction, showing that the latter set of fractions is equivalent to the former set.

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