Final answer:
The ion with 12 protons and 10 electrons has a 2+ charge and is represented as Mg2+.
Step-by-step explanation:
The charge of an ion is determined by the difference between the number of protons and electrons. An ion with 12 protons and 10 electrons has lost 2 electrons and thus has a 2+ charge. The atomic number, which is equal to the number of protons, tells us this is the element magnesium (Mg). Therefore, the ion's symbol is Mg2+.