Malnutrition. Malnutrition refers to deficiencies, excesses or imbalances in a person's intake of nutrients. The baby is not getting a balanced diet to meet its bodily needs, and that's why the baby is at high risk of the mentioned above. If a child is undernourished, especially below 2 years of age, it may result in permanent problems with physical and mental development, and since early childhood is an important period for cognitive, behavioral, and physical development, a nutritious diet is the most important factors for ensuring a child reaches optimal development.