Answer:
D). Prepositional phrases or participial phrases.
Step-by-step explanation:
Choppy sentences are too short that may break the flow unnecessarily and sound and lessen the effectiveness of the writing. Prepositional phrases function as a modifier in the sentence, either as an adjective or as an adverb and indicate relationships between the different elements present in a sentence which would be quite helpful to avoid the choppiness of the sentences. These phrases consist of the preposition, its object, and the modifier of the object that would offer description, and length to the sentence and prevent the thoughts from being disconnected abruptly. For example, let's take a choppy sentence:
"She went upstairs."
The sentence after adding a prepositional phrase reads more meaningful and less choppy as displayed below:
"She went upstairs with him".