Question

It is not just lab chemicals but also common household substances that can be classified as acidic, basic, and neutral materials. This categorization is based on the concentration of hydrogen ion (H+), or hydronium ion (H3O+), and hydroxide ion (OH-) present in the solutions. Based on these ion concentrations, the pH or pOH can be calculated giving a quantitative assessment. Additionally, litmus paper or pH paper can be used to qualitatively determine if the solution is acidic, basic, or neutral. Red litmus paper turns blue in acid. Blue litmus paper turns red in base. pH paper gives a more precise pH number based on the color the pH paper turns when a small amount of solution is placed on the paper.

Most materials are either acidic or basic. Baking soda, bleach, codeine, detergent, egg whites, household cleaners, and seawater are basic because they have a high concentration of hydroxide ions in solution and pH above 7. Acid rain, beer, coffee, lemon juice, maple syrup, mouth wash, pickles, rain, soda, tea, tomatoes, and vinegar are acidic because they have a high concentration of hydrogen ions in solution and pH below 7. A few solutions have neutral pH due an equal concentration of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions. Water is the only truly neutral substance but human blood, milk, plant food, saliva, and tofu are very close to neutral pH with nearly equal hydrogen ion and hydroxide ion concentration and pH near 7.

Listed in the Item Bank are key terms and expressions, each of which is associated with one of the columns. Some terms may display additional information when you click on them. Drag and drop each item into the correct column. Order does not matter.

Answer 1

In the acidic column: Coffee, Lemon juice, Orange juice, Soft drink, Vinegar, and Tomato are included. In the basic column: Baking soda and Milk of magnesia are included. In Neutral column: Antacid, Detergent, Salt, Sugar and Water are included.

Here are the classifications of the items in the image:

Acidic:

Coffee - Coffee has a pH of around 5, which is slightly acidic. This is due to the presence of organic acids such as chlorogenic acid and quinic acid.

Lemon juice - Lemon juice has a pH of around 2, which is very acidic. This is due to the presence of citric acid.

Orange juice - Orange juice has a pH of around 3-4, which is acidic. This is due to the presence of citric acid and ascorbic acid.

Soft drink - Soft drinks typically have a pH of around 2.5-3.5, which is acidic. This is due to the presence of phosphoric acid, carbonic acid, and citric acid.

Tomato - Tomatoes are slightly acidic, with a pH of around 4. This is due to the presence of citric acid and malic acid.

Vinegar - Vinegar has a pH of around 2-3, which is very acidic. This is due to the presence of acetic acid.

Basic:

Baking soda - Baking soda has a pH of around 9, which is slightly basic. This is due to the presence of sodium bicarbonate.

Milk of magnesia - Milk of magnesia has a pH of around 10, which is basic. This is due to the presence of magnesium hydroxide.

Neutral:

Antacid - Antacids are typically designed to have a pH of around 7, which is neutral. This is because they are used to neutralize stomach acid.

Detergent - Detergents can have a pH range of 6-12, depending on the type of detergent. However, most detergents are formulated to be neutral or slightly alkaline.

Salt - Salt (sodium chloride) has a pH of around 7, which is neutral.

Sugar- Sugar (sucrose) has a pH of around 7, which is neutral.

Water - Pure water has a pH of 7, which is neutral.

Answer 2

Acidic: coffee, orange juice , soft drink, vinegar

Basic: Antacid, Baking soda, Detergent, Lye, Milk of Magnesia

Neutral: water, Sugar, Table salt.

Step-by-step explanation:

Acidic substances have high concentration of hydrogen ions and have pH value less than 7. Basic substances have high concentration of hydroxide ions and have pH value more than 7. Neutral substance have pH value 7. The concentration oh hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions is equal.

Salt is formed when a acid reacts with base in a neutralization reaction. Different types of salt are formed depending upon the concentration of hydrogen and hydroxide ions. Neutral salt is formed when concentration of hydrogen ion is equal to concentration of hydroxide ions.

Coffee, orange juice , soft drink, vinegar are acidic substances. Antacid, Baking soda, Detergent, Lye, Milk of Magnesia. water, Sugar, Table salt are neutral substances.