Answer:
a) Increased Taxes
b) Tariffs
Tariffs are taxes, which form a wedge between the price spent by buyers of imported goods and the one foreign sellers get. Narrow tariffs directed at particular products, such as cars, push consumers towards home-made goods and aside from imports, they might otherwise prefer. (Broader tariffs including a large share of imports are more complex, as exchange rates can move to offset some of their effects.