13.- This group of Jews gets their name from the Hebrew word for Germany:
Ashkenazi Jews
Sometime in the early medieval period, the Jews of central and eastern Europe came to be called by the name Ashkenazim,in conformity with the custom of designating areas of Jewish settlement with biblical names, Spain being identified as Sefarad , France as Tsarefat, and Bohemia as Land of Canaan.
By the high medieval period, Talmudic commentators like Rashi began to use Ashkenaz/Eretz Ashkenaz to designate what today comprises the country of Germany, earlier known as Loter, where, especially in the Rhineland communities of Speyer, Worms and Mainz, the most important Jewish communities arose.
14.- What is Talmud?
The Talmud (/ˈtɑːlmʊd, -məd, ˈtæl-/; Hebrew: תַּלְמוּד talmūd) is the central text of Rabbinic Judaism and the primary source of Jewish religious law (halakha) and Jewish theology. Until the advent of modernity, in nearly all Jewish communities, the Talmud was the centerpiece of Jewish cultural life and was foundational to "all Jewish thought and aspirations", serving also as "the guide for the daily life" of Jews.
15.- What "document" is Oscar Shindler most remembered for?
He is known because he made a list of Jews chosen to work in one of his factories but in reality it was made to save them from the holocaust. I strongly recommend to se the movie Shindler's List.
16.-Where do Sephardic Jews get their name?
Sepharad which is how Hebrew called Spain.
17.-These three things allowed jews to keep their identity after the fall of the second temple and their exile into the diaspora?
Jewish identity can be described as consisting of three interconnected parts:
Jewish peoplehood, an ethnic identity composed of several subdivisions that evolved in the Diaspora.
Jewish religion, observance of spiritual and ritual tenets of Judaism.
Jewish culture, celebration of traditions, secular and religious alike.
1.-Holocaust?
Massive slaughter of people