1.) A big part of the population, saw the new deal as an ineffective way to tackle the economic crisis. Also, these policies were considered merely as Roosevelt's short term treatment, while congress simply allowed him to carry on trying other ineffective "solutions".
2.) No, the cartonist implies that the chage of remedies will be constant by drawing a lot of bottles (possible remedies) in the table, while the statement also points that these remedies need to be changed because they are non-effective.