During this time, Creek tribes became separated from each other as their land was being taken from government.
Some groups signed treaties without asking other tribes to agree.
Groups of Creek that disagreed with the treaty met secretly to decide how to punish McIntosh.
His support for United States and its efforts obtain cessions of Creek territory alienated him from many Creeks who opposed white encroachment on Indian land.
Chief McIntosh signed a treaty at Indian Springs selling the remaining Creek land in Georgia.