Final answer:
The Protestant Reformation was a religious movement in Western Europe during the 16th century that divided Roman Catholics and Protestants, leading to significant changes in European history. It caused a North-South split in Europe and emphasized the personal relationship between worshippers and God.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Protestant Reformation was a religious movement that occurred in Western Europe during the 16th century. It was initiated by Martin Luther's 95 Theses, which criticized various practices of the Catholic Church, such as the selling of indulgences. The Reformation resulted in a theological divide between Roman Catholics and Protestants and brought about significant changes in European history.
One of the reasons the Protestant Reformation is considered a turning point in European history is because it caused a North-South split in Europe. Generally, Northern countries became Protestant, while Southern countries remained Catholic. This divided Europe both politically and religiously, leading to conflicts and wars between Catholics and Protestants.
Furthermore, the Protestant Reformation led to a shift in religious authority and individual worship. Protestant theology emphasized the personal relationship between worshippers and God, which was reflected in the Reformation's artistic movement. Art during this time often depicted common people and day-to-day scenes, focusing on the individual's personal relationship with God.