Answer with explanation:
We are asked to simplify the expression that is given each of the four options.
a)

We know that we need to first sum of 7 and 5 since they are the terms with the same sign i.e. negative sign.
Hence, on adding we get

Now we subtract this quantity by 14 to get:

Hence, the answer is : 2
b)

Now we first solve the parentheses term.
i.e.

and

Hence, the answer is: 12
c)

Now again using the rule of PEMDAS we first solve the parentheses term.
i.e.

and on subtracting this quantity by 45 we get:

Hence, the answer is: 36
d)

We first add 32 and 5 since they are the terms with the same sign.
Hence, we get:

and now on subtracting this term by 56 we get:

Hence, the answer is: 19