Final answer:
To find the rate or percent, one can use formulas such as for inflation rate, sales tax, and relative frequency. For instance, the inflation rate is calculated based on the change in value over time and the sales tax is calculated by converting the percentage to a decimal and multiplying it by the cost.
Step-by-step explanation:
To find the rate or percent for each of the given items, one must understand the process of converting a raw score into a percentage. Let's consider a few examples detailed in the question:
To calculate the inflation rate, the formula used is (New Value - Original Value) / Original Value x 100%. Applying this formula, for the example given with 110 as the new value and 107 as the original value, the calculation would be (110 - 107) / 107 x 100% = 2.8%. This shows how the rate is found when dealing with inflation, which is very relevant when precision is vital.
In the case of finding the total amount with sales tax, first we convert the tax rate to decimal form. For a 10% sales tax on a $150.00 item, the calculation would be $150.00 x 0.10 = $15.00. This provides the amount of sales tax to be added to the original price to find the total cost.
Relative frequency can be expressed as a percentage by converting the fraction to a decimal and then to a percentage. For instance, a relative frequency of 5 out of 100 is 5/100 = 0.05, which equals 5% when converted into a percentage.