Final answer:
The increase in temperature in the Northern Hemisphere and the decrease in the Southern Hemisphere during June are due to the tilt of Earth's axis. The Northern Hemisphere receives more direct sunlight and longer days, while the Southern Hemisphere experiences the opposite.
Step-by-step explanation:
The temperature changes in June, where the temperatures increase in the Northern Hemisphere and decrease in the Southern Hemisphere, are not caused by the distance between Earth and the Sun but by the tilt of the Earth's axis. During this time, the Northern Hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun, causing it to receive sunlight at a more direct angle, which is more effective at heating the surface. This is similar to how a flashlight beam warms up an area more intensely when pointed directly at it, rather than at an angle. Additionally, the Northern Hemisphere experiences longer days, allowing for more hours of sunlight to heat the Earth. Conversely, the Southern Hemisphere is tilted away from the Sun, leading to shorter days and less intense sunlight, which together result in cooler temperatures.