The correct answer is C. Dante wrote the Inferno in response to the events that caused his exile.
At the end of the 13th century, there was a big conflict between the secular power of the princes from the North of Italy and the Catholic Church. The Pope Boniface VIII wanted to hold a stronger control over the rich Italian cities like Florence. Dante Alighieri, as a cult man from Florence, was named as ambassador and he had a political role as an important representative of the independence of Florence from foreign control. When the city fell in the hands of his political enemies in 1301 he was condemned to perpetual exile. This event immersed him into a feeling of deep sorrow, which he channeled through literature and writing and used it as an inspiration to write the Divine Comedy.