Answer:
The astrolabe, magnetic compass, caravel, sextant, and Mercator's projection were the five primary scientific breakthroughs of the Age of Exploration.
Step-by-step explanation:
During the Middle Ages, European interest in Asia started to increase. Europeans first encountered the Middle East during the 1095 Crusades, where Arab traders were selling spices, sugar, silk, and other items from China and India.
Travels, Marco Polo's description of his expedition to China, was written in 1296. This was extensively read in Europe, and 200 years later, it even influenced Christopher Columbus.
European traders were aware that they could profit greatly by importing items from Asia. On the other hand, Arab traders along the silk road demanded hefty charges for their goods when transported by caravan overland. Europeans started seeking for a way around Arab traders to get to the East.
The period of exploration was made possible by the Renaissance, which altered how Europeans perceived themselves and the outside world.
Better maps that indicated the direction of ocean currents and lines of latitude also helped to open the door for European discovery and expeditions. Navigation was made easier by innovations like the magnetic compass and astrolabe. The Portuguese also created the three-mastered caravel, a ship with greater speed and cargo capacity.
Thanks,
Eddie