Answer: There are 1820 ways to choose the 12 students.
Explanation:
Since we have given that
Total number of students are there = 16
Number of students a science teacher needs to choose = 12
We need to find the number of ways:
We would use "Combination" to find the number of ways :
So, Number of ways would be

Hence, there are 1820 ways to choose the 12 students.