Following the end of the Civil War, the government passed amendments to grant civil rights to African-Americans. However, the failure of the reconstruction and discontent of southern states led them to pass the "Jim Crow" laws that enforced segregation. The injustice created a nonviolent movement by the African-Americans, and led by W.E.B Dubois, opposed Jim Crow. He started the National Assosication for the Advancement of Colored People(NAACP). The government started endorsing their stance and cases such as Brown v The Board of Education emerged, ending segregation in school. The Montgomery bus boycott and the leadership of Martin Luther King year later, finally the rights of all African-Americans were established by law.