Bacteria are single-celled organisms, which lack a true nucleus and membrane-bound cell organelles. The bacteria can survive harsh conditions due to:
Energy generating enzymes
Endospores
Cell wall
Cyst
The features of bacteria are:
The primary feature of the bacteria is their ability to develop a cyst, which protects them from unfavorable environmental conditions.
For instance, the prokaryotic organism has a cell wall, which helps them to survive in hypertonic and hypotonic conditions.
Also, the bacteria form endospores that help the bacteria to resist extreme hot temperatures.
The bacteria synthesize cold shock proteins, which help to survive in low temperatures.
Thus, the formation of a cyst, protein synthesis, and endospores are vital for the survival of bacteria in unfavorable conditions.