The two Native American groups whose routes crossed part of the Gulf of Mexico are the Karankawas and the Coahuiltecans.
The Karankawas are considered as "gulf culture" Indians. They lived along the gulf coast of Texas. From Galveston Bay to Corpus Christi Bay. They were nomadic and often relocated in the search for food.
The Coahuiltecans settled in the area between northeastern Mexico and southern Texas. They were also nomadic and hunted numerous animals, including armadillos, rabbits, and birds. Fishing was a common practice among them.