Question 1
The correct answer is: "It reminded people that a nuclear war would be devastating for everyone".
After the nuclear bombings that were thrown in Japan, the world had acknowledged that a full-scale nuclear war would destroy the planet, this is the main reason why there was never a direct armed conflict between the US and the Soviet Union.
Question 2
The correct answer is: The United States needed to develop more and better weapons to prevent an attack
Both the US and the URSS tried to developed the most sofisticated weapons. The aim of this policy was to show the power to the enemy, to prevent him of daring to attack.