Final answer:
The group of points labeled T is called a cluster, while the point labeled R is called an outlier. There is a positive association between the number of hours practiced per week and the number of pieces the piano student can play.
Step-by-step explanation:
Part A: The group of points labeled T is called a cluster. A cluster in a scatter plot indicates a concentration of data points in a specific region. The point labeled R is called an outlier. An outlier is a data point that is significantly different from the other data points in terms of its x and/or y values. In this case, point R could be an outlier due to some unique circumstance or exceptional ability of the student.
Part B: Based on the scatter plot, there seems to be a positive association between the number of hours practiced per week and the number of pieces the piano student can play. As the number of hours practiced per week increases, the number of pieces the student can play also tends to increase. However, it is important to note that the relationship is not perfectly linear, as there is some variability in the number of pieces played for a given number of practice hours.