Try this solution (the way shown is not the shortest one):
The task on the left part:
1. note, the point P and R have coordinates (-4;-4) and (-3;-2).
2. using the coordinates of points P and R it is possible to make up the equation of the required line:

The task of the right part:
1. note, the common view of the equation of the line is y=kx+b, where b - an intersection point of the Y-axis and the given line; k=QR/PQ.
2. according the picture b= -5, k=4/1=5, so y= -4x-5