The correct answers are:
1. “in the blue shirt” is a Prepositional phrase (A)
2. “to win the prize” is an Infinitive phrase (D)
3. “swimming” is a Gerund phrase (C)
4. “Singing with her heart and soul” is a Participial phrase (B)
5. “Since he bought the business” is a Subordinate clause (G)
6. “the neighbor’s youngest son” is an Appositive phrase (E)
7. “I like the color of the leaves in autumn” is an Independent clause (F)
8. “because I have to work in the morning” is a Dependent clause (G)
9. “After the game ended” is a Subordinate clause (G)
10. “after school” is a Prepositional phrase (A)
11. “swimming in a cool mountain lake” is a Gerund phrase (C)
12. “a nationally-recognized publication” is an Appositive phrase (E)
13. “whenever he wanted to” is a Subordinate clause (G)
14. “to visit” is an Infinitive phrase (D)
15. “deafening the fans near the stage” is a Participial phrase (B)
16. “The object of any game is to defeat the opponent” is an Independent clause (F)
17. “Whenever I hear the sound of geese” is a Subordinate clause (G)
18. “A registered nurse” is an Appositive phrase (E)
19. “After the victory over Case” is a Prepositional phrase (A)