Answer:
Many different groups of African Americans hold the belief that they're descendants of the ancient Israelites, but they don't recognize themselves stirctly as jewish.
During slavery times, the black community reclaimed their historical and spiritual connection to judaism as a way of rebeling against the American racial hierarchy that put them down. Following that lineage, we have Hebrew Israelites as a divergent jewish group to this day, with an identity of their own.
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