The Fertile Crescent -considered as the cradle of civilization- is a region in the middle east where important civilizations like Mesopotamia developed agriculture and humanity flourished with the help of inundations from rivers like Tigris and Euphrates, that produced good crops and the agriculture flourished.
The Fertile Crescent grew key crops like wheat, barley, pea, and flax.
Today, that area of the middle east is comprised of countries like Irak, Iran, Israel, Sirya, and Palestine.