9)

11)
(a²b)³ = a²⁽³⁾b¹⁽³⁾ = a⁶b³
12)
The exponent tells you how many places to move the decimal. The positive/negative sign tells you which direction to move the decimal (negative is left, positive is right).
8.4 x 10⁻⁵ move the decimal 5 places to the left = 0.000084