22. The free body diagram would not apply to the woman jumping off the floor as she would not be experiencing any normal force as she is airborne.
23. For the box to be moving with constant speed, it would mean that there is no acceleration. That also means that there would be no net force in the axis that the box is being pushed in. So the applied force, F, would have to equal the frictional force f.
24. First determine the weight of the sphere due to gravity:
F = ma
F = (175)(-9.8)
F = -1715N
Now, assuming the tension is from the top of the chain (because it's the only logical reason I can deduce as why the mass of the chain was given), you would have to find the weight of the chain due to gravity as well:
F = ma
F = (12)(-9.8)
F = -118N
The chain has to not only support the weight of the sphere, but also the weight of the chain itself, so the tension force is equal to the sum of the weights of both the sphere and the chain.
(1715)+(118) = 1833N (Value is positive because tension acts in the direction opposite to the force it is withstanding)