The Fertile Crescent, name like this because of its crescent shape, is the region in the current Middle East where very ancient civilizations, like the Sumer and Ancient Egyptians proliferated, due to its excellent conditions for agriculture. Specially, due to the anual inundations of the rivers Nile, Euphrates and Tigris.
Moreover, these civilizations abovementioned started to specialize, to implement labor division in their socities, and were able to reach technological progress and to develop tools which made their crops even more profitable than before. Examples of these developments achieved were: writing, glass, the wheel, agriculture, and the use of irrigation.