The correct answer is A) cultural anthropologist.
The experts that historians rely on to provide accurate information about the connection between an artifact and the culture or civilization it belongs to is "cultural anthropologist.
If you want to study humans in their biological, social, and cultural life through history, Anthropology is going to give you the answers. To do that, Anthropology has areas of study to better analyze humans and their environment. We have archeology, physical anthropology, linguistics, and cultural anthropology. This last one focuses on analyzing the beliefs of people, the culture, and the social organization of groups in their civilization.