Question

PLSSS HELP

How do anion formation and valence electrons relate?
A) Atoms gain valence electrons to form anions.
B) Atoms yield valence electrons to form anions.
C) Atoms donate valence electrons to form anions.
D) Atoms relinquish valence electrons to form anions.

Vanadium has two naturally occuring isotopes - vanadium-50 and vanadium-51. Predict the isotopic mass of vanadium-50 given that vanadium-50 has an abundance of 0.250% and that vanadium-51 has an abundance of 99.750% and a mass of 50.944 amu.
A) 49.944 amu
B) 62.558 amu
C) 63.303 amu
D) 5094.151 amu

Scientists use the emission spectra of elements to detect
A) explosives in luggage.
B) cracks in support structures, like bridges.
C) the possibility of an earthquake occurrence.
D) elements in clouds of gas and dust in deep space

Stars, such as our sun, use fusion to combine hydrogen atoms into helium atoms, and in the process, create energy. As massive stars use the last of their helium fuel, they begin to collapse and temperatures climb high enough to fuse other heavier elements. As elements increase in atomic number, the amount of energy required for fusion to occur also increases. Nickel represents the heaviest element that can be produced by fusion due to to the net energy requirements. Two atoms of ___________ could combine by fusion in order to create nickel.
A) hydrogen
B) nitrogen
C) oxygen
D) silicon

Answer 1

sun, use fusion to combine hydrogen atoms into helium atoms,

Answer 2

1. A) Atoms gain valence electrons to form anions.

2. D) 50.94151 amu

3. D) elements in clouds of gas and dust in deep space.

4. D) silicon

Step-by-step explanation:

Hello,

1. In this question, we consider that anions are chemical ions negatively charged, it means that they gain valence electrons to increase their oxidation states, thus the answer is: A) Atoms gain valence electrons to form anions.

2. In order to compute the required average atomic mass, we must consider the mass of each isotope and its percentage as shown below:

`M=50amu*0.0025+50.944amu*0.9975\\M=50.94151amu`

Therefore answer is D).

3. In this case, the answer is: D) elements in clouds of gas and dust in deep space, as each element has its own atomic emission spectrum, therefore one can identify the spectra in order to determine which elements are present.

4. Since helium is obtained via the atomic fusion of two hydrogen atoms, nickel can be obtained via the atomic fusion of two silicon atoms since each silicon has 14 protons and electrons, thus, if we fusion them we obtain 28 protons and electrons, validating the existence of a nickel atom.

Best regards.