Question 1: D) The architect that was secured to design the gym has finished his preliminary plans for a school gym to be constructed on our campus.
Option D is the one that contains the most information. It tells us that the person is an architect, that he has been hired, that his plans were preliminary and have been finished, and that the campus will be built at school. It is also written clearly and with appropriate vocabulary.
Question 2: B) how the new laws will affect local business income.
The most relevant information for your audience is how the new laws will affect local businesses, as they are local business leaders. They are less likely to care about issues like the police, the enforcement of the laws and the history of the tax.
Question 3: A) too broad
The question of who William Shakespeare is is too broad for a short essay. There are many elements that you could include such as his accomplishments, his personal life or his social context. It is better to focus on one element only so that the information can be more in-depth without making the essay too long.