Find where the equation is undefined ( when the denominator is equal to 0.
Since they say x = 5, replace x in the equation see which ones equal o:
5-5 = 0
So we know the denominator has to be (x-5), this now narrows it down to the first two answers.
To find the horizontal asymptote, we need to look at an equation for a rational function: R(x) = ax^n / bx^m, where n is the degree of the numerator and m is the degree of the denominator.
In the equations given neither the numerator or denominators have an exponent ( neither are raised to a power)
so the degrees would be equal.
Since they are equal the horizontal asymptote is the y-intercept, which is given as -2.
This makes the first choice the correct answer.