The correct option is C
Medical wars were a series of conflicts between the Achaemenid Empire of Persia and the city-state of the Hellenic world that began in 490 BC. C. and extended until the year 478 a. C. The collision between the fragmented political world of ancient Greece and the vast Persian empire began when Cyrus II the Great conquered Ionia in 547 BC. C. and had two critical moments in the two expeditions failed of the Persians against Greece, in 490 and 480-479 a. C., known respectively as first and second medical war. The confrontation between Greeks and Persians, of which the medical wars were only a phase, lasted a total of more than two centuries and culminated in the conquest and dissolution of the Achaemenian Empire by Alexander the Great in the following century.