Answer:
c. laissez-faire policy caused poor working conditions in factories
Step-by-step explanation:
A labor union is an association composed of workers in defense and promotion of their labor interests, before the employer with whom they are contractually related, the bosses' chambers, or the State. The concept of the labor union identifies a group of working people who develop to defend the financial, professional and social interests linked to the tasks carried out by those who compose it.
When the Industrial Revolution began, workers' associations were forbidden and it was described as a criminal offense. This occurred from 1776 to 1810. That is why there were no unions. After this time in several countries, there was the so-called stage of tolerance where workers' societies were admitted, "mutual aid" or "resistance", without these influencing the laws dictated by the state.
The era of tolerance was followed by union law at the end of the 19th century. The first country that recognized the right to form labor unions was England, in 1824.