Final answer:
The substance cooled down by 6°C each hour over the 7-hour period.
Step-by-step explanation:
To find the change in temperature each hour when a substance was cooled by 42°C over a 7-hour period at a constant rate, you would divide the total temperature change by the number of hours.
Change in temperature per hour = Total temperature change ÷ Number of hours
Change in temperature per hour = 42°C ÷ 7 hours
Change in temperature per hour = 6°C per hour
Therefore, the substance cooled down by 6°C every hour over the 7-hour period.