1. the Fourteenth Amendment.
the Fourteenth Amendment overturned the Dred Scott decision by granting citizenship to all those born in the United States, regardless of color. In this ruling, the U.S. Supreme Court stated that slaves were not citizens of the United States and, therefore, could not expect any protection from the Federal Government or the courts
2.tried to create a violent uprising of enslaved workers.
John Brown was a white American abolitionist that was really opposed to slavery. He believed armed insurrection was the only way to overthrow the institution of slavery in the United States.